Risk Assessments (RAs) – Exposure Scenarios and Modeling

Safeguard Your Operations: Expert Risk Assessments, Precise Exposure Scenarios, and Cutting-Edge Modeling.

*Human or Animal Health:

Occupational Exposure: Workers handling biocides/pesticides (e.g., dermal, inhalation

exposure during application). Modeled via ECHA’s Chesar or EPA’s AHETF database.

Consumer Exposure: Use of chemical products in households (e.g., PT18/PT19

biocides). Modeled with ConsExpo (EU) or EPA’s SHEDS.

Dietary Exposure: Residues in food/water for humans or contaminated prey for wildlife.

Modeled with EFSA’s PRIMo or EPA’s DEEM-FCID.

Residential/Bystander Exposure: Exposure from spray drift or urban biocide use.

Modeled with AGDISP (EPA) or FOCUS drift models (EU).

Animal Health: Veterinary biocides or agricultural runoff affecting livestock. Modeled

with PBPK or compartmental models.

*Secondary Effects:

Non-target Species: Exposure of honeybees (PT18), fish (runoff), or birds (residues).

Modeled with ECHA’s EUSES, EPA’s PRZM/EXAMS, or T-HERPS.

Indirect Ecosystem Impacts: Residues in soil/water affecting biodiversity. Modeled with

FOCUS (EU) or SWAT (EPA).

Atmospheric Transport: Long-range transport of volatile chemicals. Modeled with

HYSPLIT or CALPUFF.

Groundwater Contamination: Leaching into aquifers. Modeled with MODFLOW or

GWSCREEN.

*Endocrine Disruption:

Human Exposure: Endocrine-active chemicals via multiple routes. Modeled with

ConsExpo or SHEDS.

Wildlife Exposure: Amphibians/birds exposed to endocrine disruptors. Modeled with

ECOSAR or PBPK.

Mixture Effects: Combined agricultural chemical exposures. Modeled with Bayesian

hierarchical models.

*Combined Risk Assessment (CRA):

Aggregate Exposure: Multiple chemicals (e.g., PT18/PT19) in households. Modeled with

ConsExpo or SHEDS.

Cumulative Risks: Pesticide mixtures in agricultural/urban settings. Modeled with Monte

Carlo or Bayesian frameworks.

Human-Animal Exposure: Shared exposure pathways (e.g., runoff adversely impacting livestock and

humans). Modeled with integrated PBPK-GIS models.

Non-Chemical Stressors: Combined with chemical exposures (e.g., heat stress).

Modeled via IATA frameworks.

Rely on ARL for customized Risk Assessments, Exposure Scenarios, and Modeling solutions in order to secure your success.